Influencing factors of ultrasonic thickness indication distortion

Author: 黄胜清

Source: 超声波测厚技术的应用

Abstract: 本文探讨了超声波测厚仪在实际应用中由于杂质物影响导致的示值失真问题。研究表明，当被测物体中含有不同声速的物质（杂质）时，超声波测厚仪的示值会发生偏差。根据黄胜清的相关研究，当杂质物与被测物体的声阻抗相近时，测厚仪的显示值会比实际壁厚多出杂质物厚度；而当杂质物的声阻抗大于被测物体时，示值会偏大。这种失真现象可能对工程质量和设备安全造成影响，因此在使用超声波测厚仪时，应特别注意被测物表面的清洁度和杂质物的影响因素，并选择合适的探头以提高测量精度。

Ultrasonic Thickness Gauges are widely used in engineering construction, petrochemical equipment, and machinery manufacturing. They mainly use the ultrasonic probe to generate piezoelectric effect to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic Thickness Gauges are often affected by some factors in the actual application process, resulting in large or small indications. According to Huang Shengqing's description in "Application of Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement Technology", there are the following factors: (1) There are impurities in the measured object detected by the Thickness Gauge (substances with different sound velocities). When the acoustic impedance of the impurity is not much different from the acoustic impedance of the measured object, the thickness measuring instrument indicates the wall thickness plus the thickness of the impurity; when the impurity When the acoustic impedance of the thickness measuring instrument is greater than that of the measured object, the displayed value of the thickness measuring instrument will appear thickening, such as high-density substances appearing in steel castings.

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