Fire-resistant coatings, also known as flame-retardant coatings, are coated on the surface of combustible substrates, which have the functions of changing the combustion characteristics of the material surface, retarding the rapid spread of fire, or forming a heat-insulating layer to isolate the substrate from the heat source in the event of a fire; or It is a special coating applied on building components to improve the fire resistance of the components. It generally also has protective and decorative functions at the same time.
Fire retardant coatings have different
According to the classification of base materials, it can be divided into inorganic fireproof coatings and organic fireproof coatings.
According to the classification of dispersion medium, it can be divided into water-based fire retardant coatings and solvent-based fire retardant coatings. Inorganic fire retardant coatings and latex fire retardant coatings generally use water as the dispersion medium. Organic fire retardant coatings generally use organic solvents as solvents or dispersion media.
According to different protection objects, fire retardant coatings can be divided into steel structure fire retardant coatings, prestressed concrete fire retardant coatings and decorative fire retardant coatings. Facing fire retardant paint can be applied on the surface of wood, gypsum board and cable, and it is a multi-purpose fire retardant paint. Prestressed concrete fireproof coatings are mainly used on prestressed concrete floors and steel structures. Fire retardant coatings for steel structures are divided into thick-coated, thin-coated and ultra-thin fire-resistant coatings .
According to its fire protection principle, fire retardant coatings are divided into two categories: intumescent fire retardant coatings and non-intumescent fire retardant coatings.
When the intumescent fire retardant coating is heated in a fire, the surface coating will melt, foam, and bulge to form a spongy insulation layer, and release non-combustible gas, which is filled in the spongy insulation layer. The thickness of this expanded sponge-like heat insulation layer is often ten times, dozens of times, or even hundreds of times the thickness of the original coating. The heat insulation effect remarkable and the heat insulation performance is excellent, but the appearance decoration is slightly poor. When the non-intumescent fire retardant coating is heated a glass glaze will be formed, which will cover the surface of the material and play the role of isolating air and heat, making the base material not easy to burn. This glaze is added in the formula A certain amount of borides, silicates, phosphides , antimonides, and halides are formed by sintering when exposed to fire. This kind of glaze is relatively thin and has poor fireproof effect. The glassy glaze has limited thermal insulation performance and is easily damaged in high temperature. However, the non-intumescent fire retardant coating has good decorative properties, easy coloring, good water resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness.
The main purpose of fire retardant coatings is to gain valuable time for fire extinguishing and escape, and to reduce losses caused by fire. Fire retardant coatings are applied to combustible substrates such as wood to prevent the substrate from burning, and applied to non-combustible substrates such as steel (540°C loses its structural support function) and concrete structures can prolong the time for structural damage in the event of .
In all kinds of buildings, vehicles, ships, airplanes, spaceships, electrical appliances, cable paper, etc., fire retardant coatings are an effective, convenient and low-cost fire prevention measure.