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Four methods for measuring surface tension

Every shape of the liquid surface and every way of transition is related to the surface tension of the liquid, so it can be used to measure the surface tension. There are many methods of determination, and several commonly used methods are listed in Table 4-4.

test methodsicon
Calculation formula
Features and scope of application
capillary rise method
Four methods of measuring surface tension with Figure 1

γ=ρghr/2cosθ

When θ is 0, the correction equation for the hemispherical meniscus is:

γ=1/2· ρ(h+1/3)rg

Accurate, simple, slow speed, large amount of liquid; suitable for liquids with a contact angle of 0

Maximum bubble pressure method (dynamic)Four methods of measuring surface tension with Figure 2

Four methods of measuring surface tension with Figure 3

Simple, fast, and convenient for remote control; independent of contact angle, suitable for inaccessible high-temperature liquids, not suitable for aging surfaces

Drop GravimetryFour methods of measuring surface tension with Figure 4

γ =Wg/2πrf

When r/V 1/3 =0.6~1.2, f≈0.6

Suitable for very small droplets, and can also be used to measure liquid-liquid interfacial tension

circle methodFour methods of measuring surface tension with Figure 5

γ=(FW ring g)/4πr

Convenient, but requires correction; suitable for liquids with contact angles close to 0


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